HW#2

TERMS & NAMES
Identify
• civil war conflict between groups within the same country.
• Julius Caesar an ambitious and daring leader,emerged to bring order to Rome.
• triumvirate a group of three rulers.
• absolute ruler is one who has total power.
• Augustus Octavian,the unchallenged ruler of Rome.
• Pax Romana period of peace and prosperity "Roman Peace."
• gladiator professional fighters, who fought to the death in public contests.

2. TAKING NOTES
Make a bulleted chart like the one
below, showing how Rome
changed during the Pax Romana.

Changes in Rome
Agriculture was the most important industry in the empire.
Rome’s emperors were able and intelligent.
Ships from the east traveled the
Mediterranean protected by the Roman navy. Cities such as Corinth in
Greece, Ephesus in Anatolia, and Antioch on the eastern coast of the
Mediterranean grew wealthy.

Which changes do you consider
negative? Why? I consider when the Roman army drew upon the men of the provinces as auxiliary, or support,
forces since they were not citizens of Rome to be negative because they were taking avantage of people.

3. ANALYZING CAUSES
What role did Julius Caesar play
in the decline of the republic and
the rise of the empire?

Caesar was a strong leader and a genius at military strategy.
Abiding by tradition, he served only one year as consul. During 58–50
B.C., Caesar led his legions in a grueling but successful campaign to
conquer all of Gaul. Because he shared fully in the hardships of war,
he won his men’s loyalty and devotion. The reports of Caesar’s successes in Gaul made him very popular with the people of Rome. Pompey, who had become his political rival, feared Caesar’s ambitions. In 50 B.C., the senate, at Pompey’s
urgings, ordered Caesar to disband his legions and return home.
Caesar’s next move led to civil war. On the night of January 10, 49 B.C., he took his army across the Rubicon River in Italy. He marched his army swiftly toward Rome, and Pompey fled.
Caesar’s troops defeated Pompey’s armies in Greece, Asia, Spain,
and Egypt. The senate later appointed him dictator; in 44 B.C., he was named dictator for life.